![]() When the 19th century drew to a close and the 20th century began, there had been series of significant structural failures, including some spectacular bridge failures, notably the Ashtabula River Railroad Disaster (1876), Tay Bridge Disaster (1879), and the Quebec Bridge collapse (1907). The Boston molasses disaster provided a strong impetus for the establishment of professional licensing and codes of ethics in the United States. ![]() : 6 Turn of the 20th century and turning point Įven so, at that time ethics was viewed as a personal rather than a broad professional concern. ASCE and AIEE were more closely identified with the engineer as learned professional, where ASME, to an extent, and AIME almost entirely, identified with the view that the engineer is a technical employee. In the United States growing professionalism gave rise to the development of four founding engineering societies: The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) (1851), the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) (1884), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) (1880), and the American Institute of Mining Engineers (AIME) (1871). There was considerable tension between the two sides as large industrial employers fought to maintain control of their employees. ![]() At least sixty were killed.Īs engineering rose as a distinct profession during the 19th century, engineers saw themselves as either independent professional practitioners or technical employees of large enterprises. ![]()
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